Interactive · drag the slider

The latency tax on a 1 Gbps link.

A single TCP connection can only have one window of data in flight per round trip. So throughput is capped at window size divided by RTT, no matter how fat the pipe. Drag the round-trip time up and watch a gigabit link collapse.

Throughput actually achieved on a 1 Gbps pipe 5%
1 Gbps ceiling
Max throughput
52 Mbps
Data in flight (BDP)
12.5 MB
Wasted capacity
95%
Viktor Vedmich · vedmich.dev
throughput ≈ window ÷ RTT